Tech Matrix : Learn To Change

A reconfigurable antenna is an antenna capable of modifying dynamically its frequency and radiation properties in a controlled and reversible manner.In order to provide a dynamical response, reconfigurable antennas integrate an inner mechanism (such as RF switches, varactors, mechanical actuators or tunable materials) that enable the intentional redistribution of the RF currents over the antenna surface and produce reversible modifications over its properties. Reconfigurable antennas differ from smart antennas because the reconfiguration mechanism lies inside the antenna rather than in an external beamforming network. The reconfiguration capability of reconfigurable antennas is used to maximize the antenna performance in a changing scenario or to satisfy changing operating requirements. Reconfigurable Pixel Antenna Types of antenna reconfiguration: Reconfigurable antennas can be classified according to the antenna parameter that is dynamically adjusted, typically the frequency of opera...

Abstract To construct a Line Follower & Obstacle Detector Robot based on a group of Integrated Circuits. A pair of IR Emitter & Receiver is used to guide the intelligent system throughout the track. Data from the sensing arrangement is feeded to the OP-AMP (LM-324), which is further feeded to the AND IC (IC-7408) for conditioning. The conditioned data is then directed to the motor driver IC (L293D) to drive the gear motor. Introduction: Robotics has become a very common application in most of the developed countries. High performance, high accuracy, lower labor cost and ability to work in hazardous places has put robotics in an advantageous position over many other technologies. The main idea of this project is to design and build an autonomous line following robot, which is capable of following a white line drawn on a black surface. It has an infrared sensor system and logic gates to guide the robot along the black line. The black line and white surface is detected by the IR s...

About the World Telecommunication and Information Society Day The purpose of World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD) is to help raise awareness of the possibilities that the use of the Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICT) can bring to societies and economies, as well as of ways to bridge the digital divide. 17 May marks the anniversary of the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention and the creation of the International Telecommunication Union. World Telecommunication Day World Telecommunication Day has been celebrated annually on 17 May since 1969 , marking the founding of ITU and the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention in 1865. It was instituted by the Plenipotentiary Conference in Malaga-Torremolinos in 1973.  World Information Society Day In November 2005 , the World Summit on the Information Society called upon the UN General Assembly to declare 17 May as World Information Society Day to foc...

Radio Frequency or RF based Home Automation using 433 MHz RF transmitter & receiver  is a simple application oriented project, where you can control different home electrical and electronic appliances using RF Communication. With the advancement of technology, number of equipment and modern household appliances are increasing to make life easier and comfortable. Operating them manually is a tedious job and hectic sometimes. Life will become simpler if we can control devices like TV, fan, light or a music system with a remote from a distance just by pressing the button. This project deals with an interesting manner of automating the home appliances with the help of RF Communication Technology. RF Based home Automation Materials Required for RF controlled Home Appliances Project: 433 MHz RF Transmitter and Receiver HT12D Decoder IC HT12E Encoder IC 5V Relay Module (2Nos) Push on Push Off Switch (2 Nos) 1M ohm, 47K ohm Resistor 7805 Voltage Regulator 9V Battery (2Nos) Bread Board ...

Cell phone jammer is an electronic device that blocks transmission of signals between a cell phone and a base station. By using the same frequency as a mobile handset, the cell phone jammer creates strong interference for communication between the caller and receiver. It is efficient in blocking transmission of signals from networks including UMTS, 3G, CDMA, GSM and PHS. Mobile phones operate at different frequency bands in different  countries. For Canada the 1900 MHz band is the primary band,  particularly for urban areas. 850 MHz is used as a backup in rural  areas. USA uses 850 and 1900 MHz bands, depending on the area. Europeans tend to use the GSM 900 and 1800 bands as  standard. Middle East, Africa, Asia and  Oceania also use these  frequency bands. In Russia and some other countries, local carriers  have licenses for 450 MHz frequency to provide CDMA coverage. The use of different frequencies makes it difficult to have a jammer for  all fr...

A simple but very reliable and effective water level controller circuit diagram is shown here. The circuit uses 6 transistors, 1 NE555 timer IC, a relay and few passive components. The circuit is completely automatic which starts the pump motor when the water level in the over head tank goes below a preset level and switches OFF the pump when the water level in the over head tank goes above the full level. Automatic Water Pump Controller Circuit Using 555 Timer IC Description: This circuit will automatically switch on the water pump or motor when the level of water reaches below from the required level and then automatically switches off the pump when the tank is filled. It can be used for various purposes and not only to control the water level but also other kinds of liquids. The main component of this circuit is a 555 timer IC. There are three probes in this circuit, they will detect the high and low levels of water. The probe which is marked as the upper-level probe will detect the...

Electronics is the science of how to control electric energy, energy in which the electrons have a fundamental role. Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive electrical components and interconnection technologies. Commonly, electronic devices contain circuitry consisting primarily or exclusively of active semiconductors supplemented with passive elements; such a circuit is described as an electronic circuit. The nonlinear behaviour of active components and their ability to control electron flows makes amplification of weak signals possible, and electronics is widely used in information processing, telecommunication, and signal processing. The ability of electronic devices to act as switches makes digital information processing possible. Interconnection technologies such as circuit boards, electronics packaging technology, and other varied forms of commun...